Despite their essential role, Dutch Atlantic sailors remain largely unseen in history. Their voyages were perilous—battling enemy ships, storms, hunger, disease, and abuse aboard poorly equipped vessels. Enduring deprivation and danger, sailors sometimes resisted the harsh conditions imposed upon them.

Peter Van Winkle (1808–1872) was a Unionist U.S. Senator from West Virginia during the Civil War and one of the state’s first senators after its 1863 admission, previously serving in Virginia politics and constitutional conventions.

In 1748, a mixed-race infant named Philip arrived in Somerset County, New Jersey. Born to a white mother and Black father, he was placed with a wet nurse through the Van Horne household—an arrangement revealing race, class, and maternal identity in colonial society.

Frederik Ruysch (1638–1731) was a Dutch anatomist and a pioneer in the techniques of preserving organs and tissue. He was born in Den Haag and studied medicine at the University of Leiden, obtaining his medical doctorate in 1664.

In the Dutch Atlantic world, the world order and groups within it were visualized hierarchically. This started with the foundation of the colonial trading companies in the early 17th century, and continued until well after the abolition of slavery in 1863.

Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney (1899–1992) was an American businessman, aviation investor, film financier, government official, and philanthropist who helped found Pan American World Airways, built mining enterprises, served in federal posts, and supported major American arts institutions.

In 1654, Beverwijck tavernkeeper Maria Jansz was repeatedly prosecuted for selling brandy to Native customers. Despite initial denial, she confessed, reoffended, and was fined and banished for a year. Her husband then obtained a divorce rather than accompany her into exile.

Drawings from 1630 propose coats of arms for New Netherland and New Amsterdam. One was adopted; others rejected for omitting Amsterdam’s heraldic lions.

Dirk Alkemade (PhD student at Leiden University), our visiting Fulbright/NNI scholar, harrived at the NNRC on May 2 and was here. Dirk through July 31. His research was on the Dutch political refugees who came to the US in the revolutionary era (c. 1776-1815).

Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney (1875–1942) was an American sculptor, patron of the arts, and founder of the Whitney Museum of American Art, whose philanthropy and support of emerging artists shaped twentieth-century American art.