Exploring Dutch Heritage Through Research 

Exploring Dutch Heritage Through Research 

Translations and Transcriptions of New Netherland Documents

Translations and Transcriptions

The New Netherland Institute offers digitized translations and transcriptions of seventeenth-century documents—our most valuable records of the former Dutch colony—despite their age and damage from fire and water. This page features government records from the New York State Archives, private and corporate papers from the New York State Library, and selected materials from other collections. Scanned originals are also available on the Archives and Library websites.

Ongoing Translation and Digitization Projects

Council Minutes, Volume 9 (1660–1661)

Volume 9 covers the period from 1660 to 1661, and it includes 951 manuscript pages which document the meetings of the Director General and Councilors, chaired by Director General Petrus Stuyvesant. They consist of criminal cases, which fell under the exclusive jurisdiction of the colonial government, civil cases in appeal after a first judgment in subordinate benches of justice, and administrative matters. Some of the subjects that come up frequently are Dutch relations with their English subjects on Long Island as well as the expansion of trade with Virginia and New England. Activities in the city of Amsterdam's colony on the Delaware River (Nieuwer Amstel) are also well-represented in this collection as is the growth of the city government in New Amsterdam. Continuing efforts to absorb the colonists of the former New Sweden colony and to control that territory are also found here. Finally, requests to Director General and Councilors from ordinary citizens of New Netherland shed a great deal of light on daily life for the Dutch inhabitants of the colony.

Translator: Jaap Jacobs (PhD Leiden, 1999) is affiliated with the University of St Andrews. He has specialized in early American history, specifically the Dutch in the Americas in the early modern period. He has taught at universities in the Netherlands, the United States and the United Kingdom. His publications on Dutch New York include The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009) and "The First Arrival of Enslaved Africans in New Amsterdam," New York History, August 2023. He is currently working on a biography of Petrus Stuyvesant.

This translation is made possible by the generous support of the Society of Daughters of Holland Dames.

Correspondence, Volume 14 (1661–1662)

Covering the period of 1661–1662, this volume contains the correspondence sent and received by New Netherland's Council including to and from the West India Company's directors, other parts of New Netherland, such as Fort Orange, and various English colonies.

Translator: Janny Venema (PhD, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2003) was associate director of the New Netherland Research Center in Albany, New York until she retired in 2020. She is the author of Beverwijck: A Dutch Village on the American Frontier, 1652–1664 (2003) and Kiliaen van Rensselaer (1586–1643): Designing a New World (2010). She is the translator of Deacons' Accounts, 1652–1674, First Dutch Reformed Church of Beverwyck (1998) and most recently of Correspondence, 1659–1660 (2022).
Alida and Robert Livingston Papers (1680–1727)

Comprising 355 individual letters over a total of 587 manuscript pages, this correspondence is one of the few New Netherland sources that documents a woman speaking in her own voice. All the letters, except one, are in the collection of the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History.

The correspondence, which is entirely in Dutch, stretches from 1680 to Alida's death in 1727. The letters were generally exchanged when Robert was in New York City seeking to advance the family's interests with English authorities, while Alida remained behind in Albany taking care of their business at home. Alida's side of the correspondence represents one of the most significant collections of women's writings in seventeenth and eighteenth century North America, and it gives a great deal of insight into the experience of women in the period. It is also an important source for the continued significance of Dutch language, culture, and connections in the decades after the English conquest.

Translator: Jos van der Linde holds Bachelor's and Master's degrees in History from the University of Leiden, concentrating in Modern History since the Renaissance with an emphasis on Dutch colonial history. He minored in Maritime History and Medieval History. The curriculum included several required courses in paleography. He has done a great deal of research in 17th- and 18th-century manuscript sources over the years, on both sides of the Atlantic. In 1983, van der Linde transcribed, translated and annotated the First Book of Records, 1660–1752, of the Old First Dutch Reformed Church of Brooklyn, NY, which was then published in the New York Historical Manuscripts series.

This translation is made possible by the generous support of the Society of Daughters of Holland Dames.

Schenectady Church Records (est. 1661)

Established towards the end of the Dutch period, in 1661, Schenectady was on the edge of New Netherland. As such it was a place where different peoples mingled including Haudenosaunee, enslaved Africans, French colonists, and Dutch colonists. In the 1690s, English settlers and soldiers arrived to join this polyglot community. The city's church records were kept in Dutch long after the English Conquest of 1664 and provide a window into the persistence of Dutch language and culture and also into Dutch-Indigenous histories.

This work is made possible by the generosity of Jonathan Dickey, one of whose New Netherland ancestors was an original proprietor of Schenectady.

Translated  & Transcribed Documents

New York Historical Manuscripts: Dutch / New Netherland Documents Series Introductions

A Guide to Dutch Manuscripts Relating to New Netherland identifies primary source materials on New Netherland held in repositories across the U.S., describing documents and their locations. Compiled by Dr. Charles Gehring in 1977–78 and updated in 2010–2012, it supports research into Dutch colonial history.

This compilation of introductions from the New York Historical Manuscripts: Dutch / New Netherland Documents series, offers researchers a quick overview of these translations.

Documents Series Introductions - PDF's

The Annotated Bibliography of New Netherland Archeology in Rensselaer and Albany Counties, New York summarizes the contents of written resources concerning archeological finds related to Dutch...

The Annotated Bibliography of the Archaeology of the Delaware River Valley highlights archaeological research related to the Middle and Lower Delaware River Valley (at and below Trenton,...

The Simon Hart Chronology represents summaries of notarial records relating to New Netherland located in the Municipal Archives of Amsterdam. In the 1650s the notaries of Amsterdam were directed, upon retirement or for other reasons, to deposit their protocols in the municipal archives for safekeeping. Simon Hart, during his tenure as chief archivist, spent his free time in the “Depot” of the archives, searching through the protocols

The Engel Sluiter Collection at UC Berkeley contains research and transcriptions (1930–2001) on Dutch, Spanish, and colonial maritime history across the Americas, Africa, the Caribbean, and Arctic regions.

The Ulster County Archives Dutch Records Index is an index to the English translations of the Dutch court records of Wiltwyck 1661-1709. The index was first published...

The New Netherland Institute is grateful to the New York State Archives for allowing us to link to the images in their collection. We are also grateful to the Holland Society, which holds the copyright of the translations of New Netherland Documents at the New York State Archives, for permission to reproduce the translations here.

The New Netherland Institute is grateful to the New York State Archives for allowing us to link to the images in their collection. We are also grateful to the Holland Society, which holds the copyright of the translations of New Netherland Documents at the New York State Archives, for permission to reproduce the translations here.

The New Netherland Institute is grateful to the New York State Archives for allowing us to link to the images in their collection. We are also grateful to the Holland Society, which holds the copyright of the translations of New Netherland Documents at the New York State Archives, for permission to reproduce the translations here.

The New Netherland Institute is grateful to the New York State Archives for allowing us to link to the images in their collection. We are also grateful to the Holland Society, which holds the copyright of the translations of New Netherland Documents at the New York State Archives, for permission to reproduce the translations here.

The New Netherland Institute is grateful to the New York State Archives for allowing us to link to the images in their collection. We are also grateful to the Holland Society, which holds the copyright of the translations of New Netherland Documents at the New York State Archives, for permission to reproduce the translations here.

Fort Orange Records, containing the oldest surviving archival papers of the Dutch community that eventually became Albany. • Volume A, 1656–1678

Van Rensselaer Manor Papers. The court minutes of Rensselaerswijck along with the business and personal correspondence of patroon Jeremias van Rensselaer (1632–1674) and his wife Maria (1645–1688/89) chronicle social, economic, legal, and governmental aspects of life on the patroonship.

These records, formerly known as the Kings County Records at St. Francis College in Brooklyn, contain valuable information about western Long Island. Dr. Gehring cautions that, like most 19th‑century translations, they should be used carefully and eventually reexamined.


Brooklyn Old Town Records

The New Netherland Papers of Hans Bontemantel.

Hans Bontemantel was a director of the Dutch West India Company’s Amsterdam Chamber, which supervised the governance of New Netherland. In addition to official correspondence, this collection contains private communications from Director-General Petrus Stuyvesant and his First Councilor Nicasius de Sille..

Van Rensselaer Bowier Manuscripts

This collection includes journals, deeds, leases, contracts, accounts, and cattle inventories, but its centerpiece is a volume of letters, memorials, and instructions (1630–1643) from Kiliaen van Rensselaer, founder of Rensselaerswyck, to colonists, West India Company officials, partners, and the States General. While focused on the colony’s founding and early growth, the papers also shed light on settlement elsewhere in New Netherland.


The Prize Papers Project
is digitizing documents seized from ships declared prizes by the English between 1652–1815. Representing nineteen languages, the collection will total 3.5 million scans by 2037. Currently,the portal provides access to materials from 1793–1815. The Dutch National Archives, through Sailing Letters Project  has scanned Prize Papers relating to the Dutch Republic and its empire. Among these are four letters from New Netherland, all from the Hoop van Middleburg, captured in 1665. Digital images of the ship’s surviving papers are available here. Dr. Charles Gehring has introduced and translated the four letters:     

  • Hendrick Meesz Vrooman, Oct. 5, 1664, to relatives in the Netherlands: translation here  The original of this letter can be found here.
  • Pieter Meesz Vrooman, Oct. 12, 1664, to relatives: translation here; here, and the original is here: page 1page 2, and address 
  • Gertruid Weckmans, Oct. 12, 1664, to her former employer: translation here The original letter is here: page 1page 2, and the address
  • Pieter Jacopsen Borsboom, Oct. 10/20, 1664, to the Vroomans: translation here, and the second page is here. 

Peter Stuyvesant’s 1665 certification of land grants to manumitted slaves (transcription with translation)

A compilation of other published primary sources available online can be found at the site New Netherland Genealogy.

New Netherland and Beyond.

In the inaugural Translator’s Corner in the March, 2025 e-Marcurius, Deborah Hamer translated Testimony Regarding Cornelis Pieters van Purmerent’s Labor from the City Archives in Amsterdam, Notarial Archive (5075), inventory number 1279, folio 59 (October 25, 1638).  To see the original Dutch document, click here.  To see the translation, Click here

01

Amsterdam City Archives https://archief.amsterdam/inventarissen/scans/5075/54.2.1/start/100/limit/10/highlight/4

02

Meeting of the City Council of Amsterdam, November 3, 1649 https://archief.amsterdam/inventarissen/scans/5025/1.19/start/40/limit/10/highlight/8  https://archief.amsterdam/inventarissen/scans/5025/1.19/start/40/limit/10/highlight/9

03

In the inaugural Translator’s Corner in the March, 2025 e-Marcurius, Deborah Hamer translated Testimony Regarding Cornelis...

Please consider making a donation to support NNI’s ongoing work to ensure these records remain accessible to researchers and the public.

About New Netherland Institute

For over three decades, NNI has helped cast light on America's Dutch roots. In 2010, it partnered with the New York State Office of Cultural Education to establish the New Netherland Research Center, with matching funds from the State of the Netherlands. NNI is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law.

About New Netherland Institute

For over three decades, NNI has helped cast light on America's Dutch roots. In 2010, it partnered with the New York State Office of Cultural Education to establish the New Netherland Research Center, with matching funds from the State of the Netherlands. NNI is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law.